Comparison of shipbuilding and construction industries from the product structure standpoint

Copyright © 2018 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. The use of building information modelling (BIM) in construction compares to the use of product lifecycle management (PLM) in manufacturing. Previous research has shown that it is possible to improve BIM with the features and the best practices from the PLM approach. This article provides a comparison from the standpoint of the bill of materials (BOM) and product structures. It compares the product beginning of life in both construction and shipbuilding industries. The research then tries to understand the use, form and evolution of product structures and BOM concepts in shipbuilding with the aim of identifying equivalent notions in construction. Research findings demonstrate that similar concepts for structuring information exist in construction; however, the relationship between them is unclear. Further research is therefore required to detail the links identified by the authors and develop an equivalent central structuring backbone as found in PLM platforms

Reprodução de nematóides de galhas em linhagens de arroz de terras altas.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a reação de 36 linhagens de arroz de terras altas, com características agronômicas desejáveis, quanto à resistência aos nematóides causadores de galhas radiculares (Meloidogyne incognita)

Manejo dos principais insetos e ácaros- -praga na cultura da ameixeira no Sul do Brasil

Esta publicação tem por objetivo apresentar e discutir informações sobre as atuais ferramentas desenvolvidas pela pesquisa para o manejo de artrópodes-praga na cultura da ameixa, algo que, de certo modo, também se aplica às demais frutiferas de clima temperado. Os autores, a Epagri e as demais instituições envolvidas têm como objetivo orientar, de forma segura, os  envolvidos com a produção de ameixas sobre as melhores técnicas que visam controlar e sanar as diferentes adversidades às quais a cultura é submetida. A obra é fartamente ilustrada, o que propicia ao leitor melhor compreensão do conteúdo. Este boletim é dedicado a fruticultores, técnicos, professores e estudantes de ciências agrárias, bem como a todos aqueles interessados em compreender os aspectos bioecológicos e as estratégias mais eficientes de manejo dos insetos e ácaros que causam prejuízos aos produtores de ameixa.

Combate às moscas- -das-frutas em pomares domésticos

Frutíferas cultivadas em pomares domésticos podem apresentar vários problemas  fitossanitários relacionados ao ataque de insetos-praga, doenças e distúrbios fisiológicos que podem provocar redução na qualidade e, consequentemente, no  valor comercial dos frutos. Entre os insetos-praga, as moscas-das-frutas constituem-se numa das principais preocupações para as famílias que mantêm  pomar doméstico. As moscas-das-frutas podem atacar tanto espécies nativas como cultivadas. Sua ação sobre os frutos pode provocar deformação, alteração de sabor, queda precoce  e mesmo o apodrecimento deles. Quando o ataque é intenso, se não for realizado o monitoramento de forma correta e o manejo através de várias estratégias de controle, as perdas ocasionadas pelas moscas-das-frutas podem chegar a 100%.

Computational Model of the Insect Pheromone Transduction Cascade

A biophysical model of receptor potential generation in the male moth olfactory receptor neuron is presented. It takes into account all pre-effector processes—the translocation of pheromone molecules from air to sensillum lymph, their deactivation and interaction with the receptors, and the G-protein and effector enzyme activation—and focuses on the main post-effector processes. These processes involve the production and degradation of second messengers (IP3 and DAG), the opening and closing of a series of ionic channels (IP3-gated Ca2+ channel, DAG-gated cationic channel, Ca2+-gated Cl− channel, and Ca2+- and voltage-gated K+ channel), and Ca2+ extrusion mechanisms. The whole network is regulated by modulators (protein kinase C and Ca2+-calmodulin) that exert feedback inhibition on the effector and channels. The evolution in time of these linked chemical species and currents and the resulting membrane potentials in response to single pulse stimulation of various intensities were simulated. The unknown parameter values were fitted by comparison to the amplitude and temporal characteristics (rising and falling times) of the experimentally measured receptor potential at various pheromone doses. The model obtained captures the main features of the dose–response curves: the wide dynamic range of six decades with the same amplitudes as the experimental data, the short rising time, and the long falling time. It also reproduces the second messenger kinetics. It suggests that the two main types of depolarizing ionic channels play different roles at low and high pheromone concentrations; the DAG-gated cationic channel plays the major role for depolarization at low concentrations, and the Ca2+-gated Cl− channel plays the major role for depolarization at middle and high concentrations. Several testable predictions are proposed, and future developments are discussed

BHPR research: qualitative1. Complex reasoning determines patients' perception of outcome following foot surgery in rheumatoid arhtritis

Background: Foot surgery is common in patients with RA but research into surgical outcomes is limited and conceptually flawed as current outcome measures lack face validity: to date no one has asked patients what is important to them. This study aimed to determine which factors are important to patients when evaluating the success of foot surgery in RA Methods: Semi structured interviews of RA patients who had undergone foot surgery were conducted and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis of interviews was conducted to explore issues that were important to patients. Results: 11 RA patients (9 ♂, mean age 59, dis dur = 22yrs, mean of 3 yrs post op) with mixed experiences of foot surgery were interviewed. Patients interpreted outcome in respect to a multitude of factors, frequently positive change in one aspect contrasted with negative opinions about another. Overall, four major themes emerged. Function: Functional ability & participation in valued activities were very important to patients. Walking ability was a key concern but patients interpreted levels of activity in light of other aspects of their disease, reflecting on change in functional ability more than overall level. Positive feelings of improved mobility were often moderated by negative self perception ("I mean, I still walk like a waddling duck”). Appearance: Appearance was important to almost all patients but perhaps the most complex theme of all. Physical appearance, foot shape, and footwear were closely interlinked, yet patients saw these as distinct separate concepts. Patients need to legitimize these feelings was clear and they frequently entered into a defensive repertoire ("it's not cosmetic surgery; it's something that's more important than that, you know?”). Clinician opinion: Surgeons' post operative evaluation of the procedure was very influential. The impact of this appraisal continued to affect patients' lasting impression irrespective of how the outcome compared to their initial goals ("when he'd done it ... he said that hasn't worked as good as he'd wanted to ... but the pain has gone”). Pain: Whilst pain was important to almost all patients, it appeared to be less important than the other themes. Pain was predominately raised when it influenced other themes, such as function; many still felt the need to legitimize their foot pain in order for health professionals to take it seriously ("in the end I went to my GP because it had happened a few times and I went to an orthopaedic surgeon who was quite dismissive of it, it was like what are you complaining about”). Conclusions: Patients interpret the outcome of foot surgery using a multitude of interrelated factors, particularly functional ability, appearance and surgeons' appraisal of the procedure. While pain was often noted, this appeared less important than other factors in the overall outcome of the surgery. Future research into foot surgery should incorporate the complexity of how patients determine their outcome Disclosure statement: All authors have declared no conflicts of interes